![]() ![]() ![]() But scientists are starting to figure out the answers. We still know very little about this precious resource, particularly about how it may be affected by increasing pressure and a warming world. Geological history determines the extent to which a rock is porous and fractured, and therefore whether it can store groundwater. The amount of groundwater at a particular place therefore depends on the local geology. Water is stored between pores in the rock, or in fractures, known as aquifers. Groundwater is often referred to as a hidden resource, as it is not often seen and is hard to visualise. This makes groundwater the largest active freshwater resource on the planet. US and Canadian researchers recently calculated the total amount of the world’s groundwater and estimated that it is equivalent to a lake 180 metres deep covering the entire Earth. Worldwide, about 1.7 billion people live in regions where groundwater is under stress, 60% of them in India and China. In Australia alone, the reserves of groundwater help to earn the nation a steady A$34 billion a year from mining, food production and manufacturing.īut it’s also a vulnerable resource. It demonstrates how these areas connect and adapt to one another, forming an integrated body of international principles.You might not give it more than a passing thought, but groundwater is a vital freshwater resource. This book presents and appraises these important developments as part of its comprehensive analysis of the origin and scope of the various areas of international law as they apply to fresh water. Since the publication of the first edition of this volume in 2013, water has continued to be at the forefront of the international agenda, and the adoption of the UN Sustainable Development Goals constitutes a milestone around which various public and private initiatives have been launched. These bodies of rules and principles not only surface in an array of dispute settlement mechanisms, but also stimulate wider trends of institutionalization. In addition, the economic uses of fresh water feature prominently in the law applicable to watercourses, while water itself has become an important element of the trade and investment regimes. The development of international human rights law and international humanitarian law has also proven crucial for ensuring the sound and equitable management of this resource. In particular, there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of fresh water to environmental protection. The regulation of fresh water has primarily developed through the conclusion of treaties concerning international watercourses, yet a number of other legal regimes also apply to the governance of fresh water. This book addresses the diverse ways in which international law governs the uses, management, and protection of fresh water. Takes into account the entry into force of the UN Convention on the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses in 2014.Explores the contribution of an increasing number of water-related cases brought before courts and tribunals to the law applicable to fresh water.Assesses the relationship between the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 6, with the right to water and sanitation.Focuses on how the legal regime of fresh water impacts on the rights and needs of human beings, and on the role of states in facilitating those needs.Discusses the treaties which apply to international watercourses, as well as the relevance of other bodies of law to the regulation of fresh water, including international human rights law, humanitarian law, and economic law.Provides an authoritative and comprehensive analysis of the legal regime governing the status of fresh water under international law.Second Edition Laurence Boisson de Chazournes Oxford Research Encyclopedias: Global Public Health.The European Society of Cardiology Series.Oxford Commentaries on International Law. ![]()
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